Pyruvate (the buffered form of pyruvic acid) is a product created in the body during the
metabolism of carbohydrates and protein.
Where is it found?
Pyruvate is formed in the body as a byproduct of the normal metabolism of carbohydrates and
protein and is present in several foods, including red apples,
cheese, dark beer, and red wine. Dietary supplements of pyruvate are also available.
Pyruvate has been used in
connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual
health concern for complete information):
Athletic performance
(for improving body composition with strength training in untrained people only)
Reliable
and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit. Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies
suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit. For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal
or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support and/or minimal health
benefit.
Who is likely to be deficient?
Because it is not an essential nutrient, pyruvate is not associated with a deficiency
state.
How much is usually taken?
Most human research with pyruvate and weight
loss has used at least 30 grams per day. However, such large amounts may not be necessary.
In a six-week double-blind trial, as little as 6 grams per day of pyruvate in combination with
exercise, led to greater weight loss and loss of body fat, compared with a placebo plus
exercise.1
Are there any side effects or interactions?
High intakes of pyruvate can trigger
gastrointestinal upset, such as gas, bloating, and diarrhea. One preliminary study in exercising women
found 10 grams per day of pyruvate reduced blood levels of HDL (the “good”
cholesterol) after one month.2
At the time of writing, there were no well-known drug interactions
with pyruvate.
References (To view, roll mouse over the "References" heading; to hide, click on the heading)
1. Kalman D, Colker CM, Wilets I, et al. The effects of pyruvate
supplementation on body composition in overweight individuals. Nutrition
1999;15:337–40.
2. Koh P, Kreider R, Ferreira M, et al. Effects of pyruvate
supplementation during training on hematologic and metabolic profiles. Med Sci Sports
Exerc 1998;30:S155 [abstract].
The information presented in Healthnotes is for informational purposes
only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical
experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not
necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with
prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor,
practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or
before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires June 2009.
